-1. Inapplicable
1. Male
2. Female
12. Democratic incumbent - Republican challenger
13. Democratic incumbent - other challenger
14. Democratic incumbent - unopposed
19. Democratic incumbent - Republican and other challengers
21. Republican incumbent - Democratic challenger
23. Republican incumbent - other challenger
24. Republican incumbent - unopposed
29. Republican incumbent - Democratic and other challengers
51. Democratic cand unopposed - Dem incumbent not running
52. Republican cand unopposed - Dem incumbent not running
55. Democratic and Republican cands - Dem incumbent not running
59. Democratic and Republican and other cands - Dem incumbent not running
61. Democratic cand unopposed - Repub incumbent not running
62. Republican cand unopposed - Repub incumbent not running
65. Democratic and Republican cands - Repub incumbent not running
69. Democratic, Republican and other cands - Repub incumbent not running
75. Democratic and Republican cands - other incumbent not running
81. No race in state: Democratic governor
82. No race in state: Republican governor
83. No race in state: other governor
1. Democrat
2. Republican
12. Democratic incumbent running--Republican challenger
13. Democratic incumbent--other challenger
14. Democratic incumbent running--unopposed
19. Democratic incumbent running--Republican challenger and others
21. Republican incumbent running--Democratic challenger
23. Republican incumbent--other challenger
24. Republican incumbent running--unopposed
29. Republican incumbent running--Democratic challenger and others
31. Other incumbent running--Democratic challenger
32. Other incumbent running--Republican challenger
34. Other incumbent running--unopposed
35. Other incumbent running--Democratic and Republican challengers
36. Other incumbent running--Republican and other challengers
37. Other incumbent running--Democratic and other challengers
39. Other incumbent running -- Democratic, Republican, other challengers
51. No incumbent Repr. running--Democratic candidate unopposed
52. No incumbent Repr. running--Republican candidate unopposed
53. No incumbent Repr. running--other candidate unopposed
55. No incumbent Repr. running--Democratic and Republican candidates
56. No incumbent Repr. running--Republican and other candidates
57. No incumbent Repr. running--Democratic and other candidates
59. No incumbent Repr. running--Democratic and Republican and other candidates
3. Libertarian
3. Independent
51. Democratic Cand unopposed - Dem incumbent not running
52. Republican Cand unopposed - Dem incumbent not running
61. Democratic Cand unopposed - Repub incumbent not running
62. Republican Cand unopposed - Repub incumbent not running
65. Democratic and Republican cands -Repub incumbent not running
81. No race in state: 2 Democratic senators
82. No race in state: 2 Republican senators
83. No race in state: 1 Democratic and 1 other senator
84. No race in state: 1 Republican and 1 other senator
85. No race in state: 1 Democratic and 1 Republican senator
-2. Missing - information not provided
1. 0-5 years
2. 6-10 years
3. 11 or more years
1. Yes
2. No
1. High school/GED
2. Some college, no degree
3. Associate/Bachelor's degree
4. Graduate degree
5. Other
1. White
2. Black
3. Hispanic
1. Age 18-34
2. Age 35-50
3. Age 51-64
4. Age 65+
-6. No post-election interview
1. THPOHDC
2. THPOHRC
3. THPOHOTH
4. THPOSDC
5. THPOSRC
6. THPOSOTH
7. THPOSSDC
8. THPOSSRC
9. THPOSSOTH
10. THPOSENSR
11. THPOSENJR
12. THPOSENNOT
13. THPODVPC
14. THPORVPC
15. THFAUCI
1. Democrat candidate/Republican candidate
2. Republican candidate/Democratic candidate
1. NATO
2. UN
3. NRA
4. SOCIAL
5. CAPITAL
6. FBI
7. ICE
8. METOO
9. RURAL
10. PLANPARENT
11. WHO
12. CDC
1. THGRFUND
2. THGRFEM
3. THGRLIB
4. THGRLAB
5. THGRBIGB
6. THGRCONS
7. THGRSCT
8. THGRGAY
9. THGRCONG
10. THGRMUSL
11. THGRXTIAN
12. JEWS
13. POLICE
14. TRANS
15. SCIENT
16. BLM
17. JOURN
1. THGRASIAN
2. THGRASIANREV
3. THGRHISP
4. THGRBLACK
5. THGRILLEG
6. THGRWHITE
1. VIOLBLACK
2. VIOLHISP/VIOLHISPREV
3. VIOLASIAN/VIOLASIANREV
1. HWKBLACK
2. HWKHISP/HWKHISPREV
3. HWKASIAN/HWKASIANREV
1. CHINA
2. RUSSIA
3. MEXICO
4. IRAN
5. JAPAN
6. GERMANY
1. DISCGAY
2. DISCWOM
3. DISCMEN
4. DISCTRANS
1. DISCBLCK
2. DISCHISP
3. DISCASIAN
4. DISCWHT
5. DISCMUSL
6. DISCXTIAN
1. DONATE, SPENDLIM, ORG, DIRECT
2. DONATE, SPENDLIM, DIRECT, ORG
3. DONATE, ORG, DIRECT, SPENDLIM
4. DONATE, DIRECT, ORG, SPENDLIM
5. SPENDLIM, ORG, DIRECT, DONATE
6. SPENDLIM, DIRECT, ORG, DONATE
7. ORG, DIRECT, SPENDLIM, DONATE
8. DIRECT, ORG, SPENDLIM, DONATE
1. VIOLASIAN
2. VIOLASIANREV
1. VIOLHISP
2. VIOLHISPREV
1. HWKASIAN
2. HWKASIANREV
1. HWKHISP
2. HWKHISPREV
1. Democratic party/Republican party
2. Republican party/Democratic party
1. PTYMOB
2. PTYMOBREV
1. Group one
2. Group two
3. Group three
4. Group four
5. Group five
6. Group six
7. Group seven
8. Group eight
9. Group nine
1. The New York Times
2. USA Today
3. The Wall Street Journal
4. The Washington Post
5. print newspaper - 1st
6. print newspaper - 2nd
7. print newspaper - 3rd
8. print newspaper - 4th
9. print newspaper - 5th
10. print newspaper - 6th
11. print newspaper - 7th
12. print newspaper - 8th
13. print newspaper - 9th
14. print newspaper - 10th
15. print newspaper - 11th
16. print newspaper - 12th
1. www.nytimes.com (New York Times)
2. www.usatoday.com (USA Today)
3. online.wsj.com (Wall Street Journal)
4. www.washingtonpost.com (Washington Post)
5. online newspaper - 1st
6. online newspaper - 2nd
7. online newspaper - 3rd
8. online newspaper - 4th
9. online newspaper - 5th
10. online newspaper - 6th
11. online newspaper - 7th
12. online newspaper - 8th
13. online newspaper - 9th
14. online newspaper - 10th
15. online newspaper - 11th
16. online newspaper - 12th
1. Yahoo News (www.yahoo.com/news)
2. CNN.com
3. Huffington Post (www.huffingtonpost.com)
4. New York Times (nytimes.com)
5. Breitbart News Network (breitbart.com)
6. Fox News (www.foxnews.com)
7. Washington Post (washingtonpost.com)
8. The Guardian (theguardian.com)
9. USA Today (usatoday.com)
10. BBC News (news.bbc.co.uk)
11. NPR News (npr.org)
12. Daily Caller (dailycaller.com)
13. Bloomberg (bloomberg.com)
14. Buzzfeed (buzzfeed.com)
15. NBC News (www.nbcnews.com)
1. Rush Limbaugh
2. The Sean Hannity Show
3. Marketplace (NPR)
4. All Things Considered (NPR)
5. The Dave Ramsey Show
6. Morning Edition (NPR)
7. The Mark Levin Show
8. The Glenn Beck Program
9. The Mike Gallagher Show
10. The Hugh Hewitt Show
11. The Savage Nation (Michael Savage)
12. The Dana Show
13. The Thom Hartmann Program
14. The Jim Bohannon Show
15. Fresh Air (NPR)
1. THDVPC
2. THRVPC
3. THPREVPRES
1. Foreign aid
2. Medicare
3. National defense
4. Social Security
1. FSSS
2. FSPUBS
3. FSBRDR
4. FSCRM
5. FSWELF
6. FSHIGH
7. FSPR
8. FSENV
1. EMOTHOPE
2. EMOTAFRAID
3. EMOTRAGE
4. EMOTANGRY
5. EMOTHAPPY
6. EMOTWORRY
7. EMOTPROUD
8. EMOTIRRIT
9. EMOTNERV
1. PCCARE
2. PCHONST
3. PCKNOW
4. PCLEAD
1. DUTYCHOICE
2. CHOICEDUTY
1. PRESVTLAST
2. PRESVTLASTREV
1. Forward
2. Reverse
1. Screener R selected for Pre
2. Screener R not selected for Pre
4. Four or more eligile adults
4. Four or more adults
0. Not mentioned
1. Mentioned
0. Cash not visible
1. Cash visible
-4. Technical error
0. Did not log in with desktop/laptop
1. Logged in with desktop/laptop
0. Did not log in with tablet
1. Logged in with tablet
0. Did not log in with phone
1. Logged in with phone
-3. Restricted
1. Eastern
2. Central
3. Mountain
4. Pacific
5. Alaska
6. Hawaii-Aleutian
1. Northeast
2. Midwest
3. South
4. West
1. Alabama
2. Alaska
4. Arizona
5. Arkansas
6. California
8. Colorado
9. Connecticut
10. Delaware
11. Washington DC
12. Florida
13. Georgia
15. Hawaii
16. Idaho
17. Illinois
18. Indiana
19. Iowa
20. Kansas
21. Kentucky
22. Louisiana
23. Maine
24. Maryland
25. Massachusetts
26. Michigan
27. Minnesota
28. Mississippi
29. Missouri
30. Montana
31. Nebraska
32. Nevada
33. New Hampshire
34. New Jersey
35. New Mexico
36. New York
37. North Carolina
38. North Dakota
39. Ohio
40. Oklahoma
41. Oregon
42. Pennsylvania
44. Rhode Island
45. South Carolina
46. South Dakota
47. Tennessee
48. Texas
49. Utah
50. Vermont
51. Virginia
53. Washington
54. West Virginia
55. Wisconsin
56. Wyoming
-5. Interview breakoff (sufficient partial IW)
1. Completely honest
2. Usually honest
3. Often seemed to be dishonest
1. Very high
2. Fairly high
3. Average
4. Fairly low
5. Very low
1. Not at all suspicious
2. Somewhat suspicious
3. Very suspicious
1. Very good
2. Good
3. Fair
4. Poor
-8. Don't know
-9. Refused
1. Not at all
2. A little
3. Moderately
4. Very
5. Extremely
1. Scientific evidence that hydroxychloroquine is a safe and effective treatment
2. No scientific evidence that hydroxychloroquine is a safe and effective treatm
1. The novel coronavirus (COVID-19) was developed intentionally in a lab
2. The novel coronavirus (COVID-19) was not developed intentionally in a lab
1. World temperatures have risen on average over the last 100 years
2. World temperatures have not risen on average over the last 100 years
1. Most scientific evidence shows childhood vaccines cause autism
2. Most scientific evidence shows childhood vaccines do not cause autism
1. Donald Trump's administration
2. Barack Obama's administration
1. Russia tried to interfere in the 2016 presidential election
2. Russia did not try to interfere in the 2016 presidential election
1. 4.9%
2. 6.9% (correct)
3. 8.9%
4. 10.9%
1. Always
2. Most of the time
3. About half of the time
4. Sometimes
5. Never
1. Many times every day
2. A few times every day
3. About once a day
4. A few times each week
5. About once a week
6. Once or twice a month
7. Less than once a month
1. Once
2. A few times
3. Many times
1. Have
2. Have not
1. A great deal
2. A lot
3. A moderate amount
4. A little
5. None at all
1. Peaceful
7. Violent
1. Hard-working
7. Lazy
1. A lot
2. Some
3. Not very much
4. Not at all
1. Extremely important
2. Very important
3. Moderately important
4. A little important
5. Not at all important
1. Too much influence
2. Just about the right amount of influence
3. Too little influence
-2. DK/RF in V202491 or V202492
1. Treat whites much better
2. Treat whites moderately better
3. Treat whites a little better
4. Treat both the same
5. Treat blacks a little better
6. Treat blacks moderately better
7. Treat blacks much better
1. Much
2. Moderately
3. A little
1. Treat whites better
2. Treat both the same
3. Treat blacks better
-2. DK/RF in V202488 or V202489
1. Extremely likely
2. Very likely
3. Moderately likely
4. Slightly likely
5. Not at all likely
-4. Technica error
3. Somewhat important
1. Feminist
2. Anti-feminist
3. Neither
1. Every day
2. Some days
3. Not at all
-5. Breakoff, sufficient partial IW
1. Under $9,999
2. $10,000-14,999
3. $15,000-19,999
4. $20,000-24,999
5. $25,000-29,999
6. $30,000-34,999
7. $35,000-39,999
8. $40,000-44,999
9. $45,000-49,999
10. $50,000-59,999
11. $60,000-64,999
12. $65,000-69,999
13. $70,000-74,999
14. $75,000-79,999
15. $80,000-89,999
16. $90,000-99,999
17. $100,000-109,999
18. $110,000-124,999
19. $125,000-149,999
20. $150,000-174,999
21. $175,000-249,999
22. $250,000 or more
1. Have been arrested
2. Never arrested
1. Was stopped or questioned in the past 12 months
2. Was not stopped or questioned in the past 12 months
1. Extremely often
2. Very often
3. Somewhat often
4. Not too often
5. Not often at all
5. Not at all
1. Very close
2. Somewhat close
3. Not very close
-2. Open-end responses available in separate file
1. Democratic
3. Republican
7. Other {SPECIFY}
5. No
1. Very satisfied
2. Fairly satisfied
4. Not very satisfied
5. Not at all satisfied
0. Left
10. Right
0. Strongly dislike
10. Strongly like
1. Who people vote for won't make any difference
5. Who people vote for can make a big difference
1. It doesn't make any difference who is in power
5. It makes a big difference who is in power
1. Gotten much better
2. Gotten somewhat better
3. Stayed about the same
4. Gotten somewhat worse
5. Gotten much worse
5. Republican
1. Very good job
2. Good job
3. Bad job
4. Very bad job
1. Agree strongly
2. Agree somewhat
3. Neither agree nor disagree
4. Disagree somewhat
5. Disagree strongly
1. Very widespread
2. Quite widespread
3. Not very widespread
4. Hardly happens at all
1. Very important
2. Fairly important
3. Not very important
4. Not important at all
1. Very closely
2. Fairly closely
3. Not very closely
1. Very interested
2. Somewhat interested
3. Not very interested
4. Not at all interested
4. A lot
5. A great deal
-2. DK/RF in V202388 or V202398
1. Favor a great deal
2. Favor a moderate amount
3. Favor a little
4. Neither favor nor oppose
5. Oppose a little
6. Oppose a moderate amount
7. Oppose a great deal
2. A moderate amount
1. Favor
2. Oppose
3. Neither favor nor oppose
-2. DK/RF in V202384, V202385, or V202386
1. Has gone much too far
2. Has gone a little too far
3. Has been about right
4. Has not gone quite far enough
5. Has not gone nearly far enough
1. Not nearly far enough
2. Not quite far enough
1. Much too far
2. A little too far
1. Has gone too far
2. Has not gone far enough
-2. DK/RF in V202381 or V202382
1. Health benefits much greater than risks
2. Health benefits moderately greater than risks
3. Health benefits slightly greater than risks
4. No difference
5. Risks slightly greather than health benefits
6. Risks moderately greater than health benefits
7. Risks much greater than health benefits
1. Much greater
2. Moderately greater
3. Slightly greater
1. Benefits outweigh risks
2. Risks outweigh benefits
3. No difference
-2. DK/RF in V202378 or V202379
1. Increase a great deal
2. Increase a moderate amount
3. Increase a little
4. No change
5. Decrease a little
6. Decrease a moderate amount
7. Decrease a great deal
1. Increase
2. Decrease
3. No change
1. Raised
2. Kept the same
3. Lowered
4. Eliminated
-2. DK/RF in V202374 or V202375
-2. DK/RF in V202371 or V202372
1. A lot better
2. A little better
3. Makes no difference
4. A little worse
5. A lot worse
1. Better
2. Worse
-2. DK/RF in V202368 or V202369
1. Increased a lot
2. Increased somewhat
3. Neither increased nor decreased
4. Decreased somewhat
5. Increased a lot
2. Somewhat
1. Increased
2. Decreased
-2. DK/RF in V202365 or V202366
3. Neiter increased nor decreased
-2. DK/RF in V202362 or V202363
2. Somewhat good
3. Neither good nor bad
4. Somewhat bad
5. Very bad
1. Very
1. Good
2. Bad
-2. DK/RF in V202359 or V202361
2. Favor moderately
6. Oppose moderately
1. Extremely worried
2. Very worried
3. Moderately worried
4. Slightly worried
5. Not at all worried
1. Not at all important
2. A little important
4. Very important
5. Extremely important
1. City person
2. Suburb person
3. Small-town person
4. Country (or rural) person
5. Something else {SPECIFY}
1. Rural area
2. Small town
3. Suburb
4. City
1. English more
2. Spanish more
3. Both equally (bilingual) {VOL - video/phone only}
1. Lower middle class
2. Middle class
3. Upper middle class
1. Lower class
2. Working class
3. Middle class
4. Upper class
1. Never
2. Rarely
3. About half the time
4. Most of the time
5. All the time
-2. DK/RF in V202348 or V202349
1. Should be doing a great deal more
2. Should be doing a moderate amount more
3. Should be doing a little more
4. Is doing the right amount
5. Should be doing a little less
6. Should be doing a moderate amount less
7. Should be doing a lot less
1. Should be doing more
2. Should be doing less
3. Is doing the right amount
-2. DK/RF in V202345 or V202346
-2. DK/RF in V202342 or V202343
-2. DK/RF in V202339 or V202340
4. Not too important
5. Not important at all
1. More difficult
2. Easier
3. Keep these rules about the same
-2. DK/RF in V202334 or V202335
4. Neiter favor nor oppose
-2. DK/RF in V202329 or V202330
-2. DK/RF in V202326 or V202327
1. Approve a great deal
2. Approve a moderate amount
3. Approve a little
4. Neither approve nor disapprove
5. Disapprove a little
6. Disapprove a moderate amount
7. Disapprove a great deal
1. Approve
2. Disapprove
3. Neither approve nor disapprove
1. Yes, go back
2. No, continue
-2. DK/RF in V202318 or V202319
1. A great deal easier
2. A moderate amount easier
3. A little easier
4. The same
5. A litte harder
6. A moderate amount harder
7. A great deal harder
1. Easier
2. Harder
3. The same
5. None
1. Maintaining order in the nation
2. Giving people more say in important government decisions
3. Fighting rising prices
4. Protecting freedom of speech
1. A high level of economic growth
2. Making sure this country has strong defense forces
3. Seeing that people have more say about how things are done at their jobs/in t
4. Trying to make our cities and countryside more beautiful
2. Not very well
3. Somewhat well
4. Very well
5. Extremely well
-2. DK/RF in V202306 or V202307
1. Trust ordinary people much more
2. Trust ordinary people somewhat more
3. Trust both the same
4. Trust experts somwhat more
5. Trust experts much more
1. Much more
2. Somewhat more
1. Trust ordinary people more
2. Trust experts more
1. Not at all well
4. Some of the time
-2. DK/RF in V202287, V202288 or V202289
1. Much better
2. Somewhat better
3. Slightly better
4. Makes no difference
5. Slightly worse
6. Somewhat worse
7. Much worse
3. Slightly
-2. DK/RF in V202283, V202284, or V202285
2. Somewhat easier
3. Slightly easier
4. Niether easier nor harder
5. Slightly harder
6. Somewhat harder
3. Neither easier nor harder
-2. DK/RF in V202280 or V202281
1. Much too much
2. Somewhat too much
3. A little too much
4. About the right amount
5. A little too little
6. Somewhat too little
7. Much too little
3. A bit
1. Too much
2. Too little
3. About the right amount
-2. DK/RF in V202277 or V202278
-2. DK/RF in V202274 or V202275
1. A great deal more
2. Moderately more
3. A little more
5. A little less
6. Moderately less
7. A great deal less
1. More
2. The same
3. Less
-2. DK/RF in V202271 or V202272
4. Somewhat worse
1. Being considerate
2. Well behaved
3. Both {VOL - video/phone only}
1. Obedience
2. Self-reliance
3. Both {VOL}
4. Neither {VOL - video/phone only}
1. Curiosity
2. Good manners
1. Independence
2. Respect for elders
-2. DK/RF in 202257 or V202258
4. About the same amount
6. Somewhat less
7. Much less
-2. DK/RF V202253 or V202254
1. Feels strongly less government better
2. Feels somewhat strongly less government better
3. Feels not strongly less government better
4. Feels not strongly more things government should be doing
5. Feels somewhat stongly more things government should be doing
6. Feels strongly more things government should be doing
1. Very strongly
2. Somewhat strongly
3. Not strongly
1. The less government the better
2. More things government should be doing
-2. DK/RF V202249, V202250, or V202251
1. Strongly for preferential hiring/promotion of blacks
2. Not strongly for preferential hiring/promotion of blacks
3. Not strongly against preferential hiring/promotion of blacks
4. Strongly against preferential hiring/promotion of blacks
1. Strongly
2. Not strongly
1. For preferential hiring and promotion of blacks
2. Against preferential hiring and promotion of blacks
-2. DK/RF in 202246 or V202247
-2. DK/RF in 202243 or V202244
-2. DK/RF in 202240 or V202241
-2. DK/RF in 202237 or V202238
1. Increase a lot
4. Have no effect
7. Decrease a lot
3. Have no effect
-2. DK/RF in 202234 or V202235
3. Somewhat likely
4. Not at all likely
2. Increased a little
3. Left the same as it is now
4. Decreased a little
5. Decreased a lot
-2. DK/RF in V202229 or V202230
1. Favor strongly
2. Favor not strongly
3. Oppose not strongly
4. Oppose strongly
3. A moderate amount of time
4. Very often
1. All of the time
1. Democrats
2. Republicans
1. Yes, one party more conservative
2. No, one party not more conservative
1. Yes, differences
2. No, no differences
1. Extremely well
2. Very well
3. Moderately well
4. Slightly well
5. Not well at all
-7. No post data, deleted due to incomplete interview
1. Defense spending
2. Middle East
3. Iraq
4. War
5. Terrorism
6. Veterans
7. National defense (all other)
8. Foreign aid
9. Foreign Trade
10. Protection of US jobs
11. Serbia /Balkans
12. China
13. International affairs (all other)
14. Energy crisis
15. Energy prices
16. Energy (all other)
17. Environment
18. Natural Resources (all other)
19. Education and training
20. School funding
21. Education (all other)
22. AIDS
23. Medicare
24. Health (all other)
25. Welfare
26. Poverty
27. Employment
28. Housing
29. Social security
30. Income (all other)
31. Crime
32. Race relations
33. Illegal drugs
34. Police problems
35. Guns
36. Corporate Corruption
37. Justice (all other)
38. Budget
39. Size of government
40. Taxes
41. Immigration
42. Campaign finance
43. Political corruption
44. Ethics
45. Government power
46. Budget priorities
47. Partisan politics
48. Politicians
49. Government (all other)
50. The economy
51. Stock market
52. Economic inequality
53. Recession
54. Inflation
55. Economics (all other)
56. Agriculture
57. Science
58. Commerce
59. Transportation
60. Community development
61. Abortion
62. Child care
63. Overpopulation
64. Public morality
65. Domestic violence
66. Family
67. Young people
68. Sexual identity /LGBT+ issues
69. The media
75. Sexism /Gender issues
76. Afghanistan
77. Syria
78. Elections
79. Religion
80. Civility
81. Unity /division
700. Everything
750. All of them
800. Other problem
82. Health care
997. Other comment not matching any description
990. Answer not interpretable
3. Wouldn't be much difference
-4. Coding error
2. Fairly good
3. Fairly poor
4. Very poor
-2. DK/RF in V202200, V202201, or V202202
1. Approve strongly
2. Approve not strongly
3. Disapprove not strongly
4. Disapprove strongly
998. Don't know
999. Don't recognize
0. Incorrect
1. Correct
1. Partially correct
2. Correct
1. I looked it up
2. I already knew it
1. I promise to try my best without looking up any answers
2. I do not want to make that promise
3. {CONTINUE} - video/phone only
1. I forgot
2. I'm not interested
3. Too busy
4. Did not like the candidates
5. I am not registered
6. I did not have the correct form of identification
7. Out of town
8. Sick or disabled
9. Transportation
10. Bad weather
11. The line at the polls was too long
12. I was not allowed to vote at the polls, even though I tried
13. I requested but did not receive an absentee ballot
14. I did not know where to vote
15. I did not feel that I knew enough about the choices
16. Other {SPECIFY}
17. There were no other reasons {VOL}
1. 0-15 minutes
2. 16-30 minutes
3. 31-59 minutes
4. 1-2 hours
5. More than 2 hours
1. Not difficult at all
2. A little difficult
3. Moderately difficult
4. Very difficult
5. Extremely difficult
1. In-person, at the polling place
2. By mail or absentee ballot
3. This is my first time voting
1. In person, at the polling place
1. On election day
2. A few days before election day
3. A week or more before election day
-8. Don't Know
1. Voted for Democratic candidate
2. Voted for Republican candidate
3. Voted for other candidate
1. Joe Biden
2. Donald Trump
3. Jo Jorgensen
4. Howie Hawkins
5. Other candidate {SPECIFY}
-2. Not reported
0. Did not vote
1. Voted
10. Democratic candidate selected (vote)
11. Republican candidate selected (vote)
12. Other candidate selected (vote)
30. Democratic candidate selected (preference; nonvoter)
31. Republican candidate selected (preference; nonvoter)
32. Other candidate selected (preference; nonvoter)
1. Democratic gubernatorial candidate
2. Republican gubernatorial candidate
5. Other candidate {SPECIFY} (name not on ballot card)
10. Specified as Other/Independent gubernatorial candidate
6. Specified as Democratic Senate candidate
7. Specified as Republican Senate candidate
12. Specified as refused
3. Other/Independent gubernatorial candidate (name on ballot card)
6. Specified as Democratic gubernatorial candidate
11. Specified as don't know
1. Yes, voted for governor
2. No, didn't vote for governor
1. Democratic Senate candidate
2. Republican Senate candidate
3. Other/Independent Senate candidate (name on ballot card)
5. Other candidate {SPECIFY} (name not on ballot card
10. Specified as Other/Independent Senate candidate
1. Yes, voted for Senate
2. No, didn't vote for Senate
6. Specified as Democratic House candidate
7. Specified as Republican House candidate
10. Specified as Other/Independent House candidate
1. Democratic House candidate
2. Republican House candidate
3. Other/Independent House candidate (name on ballot card)
1. Yes, voted for House of Representatives
2. No, didn't vote for House of Representatives
-2. Missing - DK/RF in V202077 or V202078
10. Prefer Joe Biden - preference not strong
11. Prefer Joe Biden - preference strong
20. Prefer Donald Trump - preference not strong
21. Prefer Donald Trump - preference strong
30. Prefer Jo Jorgensen - preference not strong
31. Prefer Jo Jorgensen - preference strong
40. Prefer Howie Hawkins - preference not strong
41. Prefer Howie Hawkins - preference strong
50. Prefer other candidate - preference not strong
51. Prefer other candidate - preference strong
1. Strong
2. Not strong
1. That day; when I walked into the booth
2. One day
3. More than one day/less than one week; a few days; a couple of days
4. One week; seven days
5. More than one week/less than one month; a few weeks; a couple of weeks
6. One month
7. More than one month, less than two months
8. Two to three months; a couple of months; after the convention; after he was n
9. More than 3 months and less than 6 months; a few months/several months, durin
10. Six months
11. More than six months; during the primaries; during the caucuses; all the tim
12. Specific event; answer mentions an even other than convention, nomination, p
13. Other; the answer does not mention a time frame or a specific event
7. Specified as Republican candidate
8. Specified as Libertarian candidate
1. Yes, voted for President
2. No, didn't vote for President
-2. Missing: turnout not reported or did not vote and registration not reported
0. Not registered and did not vote
1. Registered and did not vote
2. Voted (regardless of registration status)
1. I did not vote (in the election this November)
2. I thought about voting this time, but didn't
3. I usually vote, but didn't this time
4. I am sure I voted
1. Democratic Party
2. Republican Party
4. None or 'independent
1. Democratic party
2. Republican party
4. None or 'independent'
5. Other party {SPECIFY}
0. Name not recorded
1. Name recorded
-3. Restricted - STAFF ONLY
1. 0-1 years
2. 2-5 years
3. More than 5 years
1. Yes, registered in county of sample address
2. No, registered in other county
1. In the past twelve months
2. 1-2 years ago
3. 3-4 years ago
4. 5 or more years ago
0. No party registration in state of registration
1. Party registration in state of registration
0. No Governor race in state of registration
1. Governor race in state of registration
0. No Senate race in state of registration
1. Senate race in state of registration
0. State of registration not the same as state of sample address
1. State of registration same as state of sample address
0. City not included with registration address
1. City included with registration address
2. City included with registration address (wrong field)
0. State not included with registration address
1. State included with registration address
2. State included with registration address (wrong field)
0. Registration address not given
1. Registration address given
1. Registered at this address
2. Registered at a different address
3. Not currently registered
0. No candidate names preloaded for location of sample address
1. Candidate names preloaded for location of sample address
1. Sample address preloaded
1. Democrat/Republican
2. Republican/Democrat
2. Once in a while
1. Yes, have done this in the past 12 months
2. No, have not done this
1. Have done this in past 12 months
2. Have not done this in the past 12 months
0. Zero days
1. One day
2. Two days
3. Three days
4. Four days
5. Five days
6. Six days
7. Seven days
1. Yes, someone did
2. No, no one did
5. Other {SPECIFY}
1. Someone from the political parties talked to me about the 2020 campaign
2. No one from the political parties talked to me about the 2020 campaign
1. Continue
1. R sees booklet on screen or PDF {TURN OFF SCREEN SHARING}
2. R does not see booklet on screen or PDF {TURN OFF SCREEN SHARING}
1. R has booklet (paper or emailed)
2. R does not have paper or email booklet
1. English / ingles
2. Spanish / espanol
5. Very poor
1. Extremely satisfied
2. Very satisfied
3. Moderately satisfied
4. Slightly satisfied
5. Not satisfied at all
1. Never serious
2. Some of the time serious
3. About half of the time serious
4. Most of the time serious
5. Always serious
1. Liked a great deal
2. Liked a moderate amount
3. Liked a little
4. Neither liked nor disliked
5. Disliked a little
6. Disliked a moderate amount
7. Disliked a great deal
1. Not at all easy
2. A little easy
3. Moderately easy
4. Very easy
5. Extremely easy
2. Republicans (correct)
1. Democrats (correct)
1. Foreign aid (correct)
1896 (correct)
0. No additional preload newspapers
1. One additional preload newspapers
2. Two addtional preload newspapers
3. Three additional preload newspapers
4. Four additional preload newspapers
5. Five additional preload newspapers
3. Occasionally
4. Fairly often
5. Very often
1. The way people talk needs to change a lot
2. The way people talk needs to change a little
3. People are a little too easily offended
4. People are much too easily offended
1. Suspected of having COVID-19
2. No one has been suspected of having COVID-19
1. Someone in my household tested positive
2. No one tested positive
1. Excellent
2. Very Good
3. Good
4. Fair
5. Poor
1. Not at all concerned
2. A little concerned
3. Moderately concerned
4. Very concerned
5. Extremely concerned
1. All the time
2. Often
3. Sometimes
4. Rarely
-2. DK/RF in V201603 or V201604
1. Increased a great deal
2. Increased a moderate amount
3. Increased a little
4. Stayed the same
5. Decreased a little
6. Decreased a moderate amount
7. Decreased a great deal
3. Stayed the same
1. Heterosexual or straight
2. Homosexual or gay (or lesbian)
3. Bisexual
4. Something else {SPECIFY}
1. Someone lost a job
2. No one lost a job
5. Not likely at all
4. A little worried
1. Someone has put off health care
2. No one has put off health care
1. Have another form of ID
2. Do not have one
1. Have a valid US passport
1. Have a non-expired driver's license
40. Forty or more years
1. Have changed name
2. Never changed name
1. Pay mortgage
2. Own home with no payments due
1. Owned or being bought by a household member
2. Rented for cash
3. Occupied without payment of cash rent
1. Pay rent
2. Pay mortgage
3. Own home with no payments due
4. Some other arrangement
11. District of Columbia (Washington DC)
57. Puerto Rico
58. Another U.S. territory (Guam, Samoa, U.S. Virgin Islands)
59. Another country {SPECIFY}
0. No children
1. One child
2. Two children
3. Three children
4. Four or more children
3. Something else
1. White, non-Hispanic
2. Black, non-Hispanic
4. Asian, Native Hawaiian/other Pacific Islander, Native American/Alaska Native
1. Only English
2. Mostly English
3. Both languages equally
4. Mostly Spanish
5. Only Spanish
1. Mexican
2. Puerto Rican
3. Other Hispanic or more than one mention
4. Hispanic, type not determined
7. Not Hispanic
0.  None
1. One
2. Two
3. Three
4. All
1. A US state or Washington D.C.
2. Puerto Rico
3. Another U.S. territory (Guam, Amer. Samoa, US Virgin Islands)
4. Another country {SPECIFY}
1. Both parents born in the US
2. One parent born in the US
3. Both parents born in another country
4. Asian or Native Hawaiian/other Pacific Islander, non-Hispanic alone
5. Native American/Alaska Native or other race, non-Hispanic alone
6. Multiple races, non-Hispanic
1. Respondent
2. Spouse/partner
4. Someone else
1. Working now
2. Temporarily laid off
4. Unemployed
5. Retired
6. Permanently disabled
7. Homemaker
8. Student
1. Reduced hours or pay in the last 6 months
2. Neither reduced hours nor reduced pay in last 6 months
1. 1950-1999
2. 2000-2004
3. 2005-2009
4. 2010-2014
5. 2015-2020
-2. Refused/Don't know/Inapplicable
1. R working now (if also retired, disabled, homemaker or student, working 20 or
2. R temporarily laid off
4. R unemployed
5. R retired (if also working, working <20 hrs/wk)
6. R permanently disabled (if also working, working <20 hrs/wk)
7. R homemaker (if also working, working <20 hrs/wk/incl nonworkg rs both homema
8. R student (if also working, working <20 hrs/wk)
10. Working now only
15. Working now and retired, working >=20 hours per wk
16. Working now and perm. Disabled, working >=20 hours per wk
17. Working now and homemaker, working >=20 hours per wk
18. Working now and student, working >=20 hours per wk
20. Temporarily laid off
40. Unemployed, no mention of retired, disabled, homemaker or student
50. Retired, no other occupation
51. Retired and working now, working <20 hours per wk or DK/RF hours
60. Permanently disabled, not working
61. Perm disabled and working now, working <20 hours per wk or DK/RF hours
70. Homemaker, no other occupation
71. Homemaker and working now, working <20 hours per wk or DK/RF hours
80. Student, no other occupation
81. Student and working now, working <20 hours per wk or DK/RF hours
1. For-profit company or organization
2. Non-profit organization (including tax-exempt and charitable organizations)
3. Local government (for example: city or county school district)
4. State government (including state colleges/universities)
5. Active duty U.S. Armed Forces or Commissioned Corps
6. Federal government civilian employee
7. Owner of non-incorporated business, professional practice, or farm
8. Owner of incorporated business, professional practice, or farm
9. Worked without pay in a for-profit family business or farm for 15 hours or mo
2. Fewer
3. About right
1. Within the past 12 months
2. 1 to 5 years ago
3. Over 5 years ago
4. Never worked
1. Yes, could have gone to work
2. No, could not have gone to work
1. Yes, temporarily absent
2. No, did not work (or retired)
1. Now serving on active duty
2. Previously served on active duty but not now on active duty
3. Have never served on active duty
1. Graduation from High School
2. GED or other equivalent
-2. Missing, other specify not coded for preliminary release
1. Less than high school credential
2. High school credential
3. Some post-high school, no bachelor's degree
4. Bachelor's degree
5. Graduate degree
2. High school graduate - High school diploma or equivalent (e.g. GED)
3. Some college but no degree
4. Associate degree in college - occupational/vocational or academic
5. Bachelor's degree (e.g. BA, AB, BS)
6. Master's degree (e.g. MA, MS, MEng, MEd, MSW, MBA)
7. Professional school degree (e.g. MD, DDS, DVM, LLB, JD)/Doctoral degree (e.g.
95. Other {SPECIFY}
2.  High school graduate - High school diploma or equivalent (e.g. GED)
4. Associate degree in college - occupational/vocational
5. Associate degree in college - academic
6. Bachelor's degree (e.g. BA, AB, BS)
7. Master's degree (e.g. MA, MS, MEng, MEd, MSW, MBA)
8. Professional school degree (e.g. MD, DDS, DVM, LLB, JD)/Doctoral degree (e.g.
1. Yes, living with a partner
2. No, not living with a partner
1. Married: spouse present
2. Married: spouse absent {VOL - video/phone only}
3. Widowed
4. Divorced
5. Separated
6. Never married
80. Age 80 or older
1. Much better off
2. Somewhat better off
3. About the same,
4. Somewhat worse off
5. Much worse off
3. About the same
5. Five or more
2. Charismatic/Pentecostal
5. Traditional
6. Mainline
7. Progressive
8. Non-traditional believer
9. Secular
12. Spiritual but not religious
13. None of the above
1. Fundamentalist
2. Evangelical
3. Both
4. Neither
-1. Missing, item nonresponse
1. Mainline Protestant
2. Evangelical Protestant
3. Black Protestant
4. Undifferentiated Protestant
5. Roman Catholic
6. Other Christian
7. Jewish
8. Other religion
9. Not religious
010. Protestant, NFS, other, unknown, inter-, or non-denominational
099. Christian, NFS, unknown, inter-, or non-denominational
100. 7th Day Adventist
101. Sabbatarian
109. Adventist (NFS)
110. Episcopalian; Anglican
120. American Baptist Association
121. American Baptist Churches USA (wrongly aka 'Northern Baptist')
122. Baptist Bible Fellowship
123. Baptist General Conference
124. Missionary Baptist; Baptist Missionary Association of America
125. Conservative Baptist Association of America
126. General Association of Regular Baptist Churches; GARB
127. National Association of Free Will Baptists; United Free Will Baptist Church
128. Primitive Baptist
129. National Baptist Convention in the USA
130. National Baptist Convention of America
131. National Primitive Baptist Convention of the USA
132. Progressive National Baptist Convention
133. National Baptist Convention NFS
134. Reformed Baptist (Calvinist)
135. Southern Baptist Convention
136. Full Gospel Baptist Church Fellowship
149. Baptist (NFS or other Baptist group not in codes 120-135)
150. United Church of Christ; UCC; Congregational; Congregationalist; Evangelica
155. Congregational Christian
160. Church of the Brethren
161. Brethren (NFS)
162. Mennonite Church
163. Moravian Church
164. Old Order Amish
165. Quakers; Friends
166. Evangelical Covenant Church (not Anabaptist in tradition)
167. Evangelical Free Church, EFC, or EFCA (not Anabaptist in tradition)
168. Brethren in Christ
169. Apostolic Christian Church of America
170. Mennonite Brethren
171. Apostolic Christian Church Nazarene
180. Christian and Missionary Alliance; CMA; Alliance
181. Church of God (Anderson, IN)
182. Church of the Nazarene
183. Free Methodist Church
184. Salvation Army
185. Wesleyan Church
186. Church of God of Findlay, OH
199. Pentecostal (NFS); Church of God (NFS); Holiness (NFS); not ascertained whe
200. Plymouth Brethren
201. Independent Fundamental Churches of America; IFCA
219. Independent-Fundamentalist (NFS)
220. Evangelical Lutheran Church in America (formerly Lutheran Church in America
221. Lutheran Church, Missouri Synod; LC-MS
222. Wisconsin Evangelical Lutheran Synod; WELS
224. Lutheran Free Church, Association of Free Lutheran Churches, AFLC
225. Church of the Lutheran Brethren
229. Lutheran (other or NFS)
230. United Methodist Church; Evangelical United Brethren
231. African Methodist Episcopal Church; AME
232. African Methodist Episcopal Zion Church
233. Christian Methodist Episcopal Church
234. Primitive Methodist
235. Congregational Methodist (fundamentalist)
240. Fire-Baptized Holiness
242. Assemblies of the Lord Jesus Christ; AJLC
243. Church of Our Lord Jesus Christ of the Apostolic Faith; COOLJC
244. Church of the Lord Jesus Christ of the Apostolic Faith; CLJC
245. Bible Way Church of Our Lord Jesus Christ
246. International Bible Way Church of Our Lord Jesus Christ
249. Methodist (other or NFS)
250. Assemblies of God; Assembly of God
251. Church of God (Cleveland, TN)
252. Church of God (Huntsville, AL)
253. International Church of the Four Square Gospel
254. Pentecostal Church of God
255. Pentecostal Holiness Church
256. United Pentecostal Church International
257. Church of God in Christ (incl. not ascertained whether 258)
258. Church of God in Christ International
260. Church of God of the Apostolic Faith
261. Church of God of Prophecy
262. Vineyard Fellowship
263. Open Bible Standard Churches
264. Full Gospel
267. Apostolic Pentecostal
270. Presbyterian Church in the U.S.A.
271. Cumberland Presbyterian Church
272. Presbyterian Church in America; PCA
275. Evangelical Presbyterian
276. Reformed Presbyterian
279. Presbyterian (other or NFS)
280. Christian Reformed Church (inaccurately known as 'Dutch Reformed')
281. Reformed Church in America
289. Reformed (other or NFS)
290. Christian Church; Disciples of Christ
291. Christian Churches and Churches of Christ
292. Churches of Christ; Church of Christ (NFS)
293. Christian Congregation
300. Christian Scientists
301. Mormons; Latter Day Saints; Community of Christ
303. Unitarian; Universalist
304. Jehovah's Witnesses
305. Unity; Unity Church; Christ Church Unity
306. Fundamentalist Adventist; Worldwide Church of God; United Church of God
400. Roman Catholic
501. Orthodox
502. Conservative
503. Reform
524. Jewish, other, no preference, or NFS
600. Catholic and  Protestant
650. Messianic Judaism; Jews for Jesus
695. More than 1 major religion (e.g., Christian, Jewish, Muslim, etc.)
700. Greek Rite Catholic
701. Greek Orthodox
702. Russian Orthodox
703. Rumanian Orthodox
704. Serbian Orthodox
705. Syrian Orthodox
706. Armenian Orthodox
707. Georgian Orthodox
708. Ukrainian Orthodox
719. Eastern Orthodox (NFS or other specific Orthodox church)
720. Muslim; Islam
721. Buddhist
722. Hindu
723. Baha'i; Bahai
724. American Indian religions; Native American religions
725. New Age
726. Wicca; Wiccan
727. Pagan
730. Sikh
732. Konko Church
735. Spiritualists (not 'spiritual; must refer specifically to 'Spiritualism' or
736. Religious Science; Science of Mind (not Scientology; not Christian Scientis
740. Other non-Christian /non-Jewish
750. Scientology
790. Religious /ethical cults
870. Other tradition not codeable to 010-790
879. R indicates having an affiliation but does not specify one
880. None
881. Agnostics
882. Atheists
888. DK whether considers self as part of a particular religion
889. RF to say if considers self as part of a particular religion
1. Once a week
2. More often than once a week
1. Every week
2. Almost every week
3. Once or twice a month
4. A few times a year
1. Atheist
2. Agnostic
3. Christian
4. Nothing in particular
1. Protestant
2. Roman Catholic
3. Orthodox Christian (such as Greek or Russian Orthodox)
4. Latter-Day Saints (LDS)
5. Jewish
6. Muslim
7. Buddhist
8. Hindu
9. Atheist
10. Agnostic
11. Something else
12. Nothing in particular
1. The Bible is the actual word of God and is to be taken literally, word for wo
2. The Bible is the word of God but not everything in it should be taken literal
3. The Bible is a book written by men and is not the word of God
Other {SPECIFY}
-2. DK/RF in V201430 or V201431
1. A lot more violent
2. A ittle more violent
3. Equally violent and peaceful
4. A little more peaceful
5. A lot more peaceful
1. Mostly violent
2. Mostly peaceful
1. Solve problems of racism and police violence
2.
3.
4.
5.
6.
7. Use all available force to maintain law and order
99. Haven't thought much about this
2. Somewhat important
4. Not at all important
-2. DK/RF in V201424 or V201425
-2. DK/RF in V201421 or V201422
1. Favors a great deal they should be sent back
2. Favors a moderate amount they should be sent back
3. Favors a little they should be sent back
4. Favors a little they should be allowed to live and work in US
5. Favors a moderate amount they should be allowed to live and work in US
6. Favors a great deal they should be allowed to live and work in US
1. Should be sent back where they came from
2. Should be allowed to live and work in the US
-2. DK/RF in V201418 or V201419
1. Make all unauthorized immigrants felons and send them back to their home coun
2. Have a guest worker program that allows unauthorized immigrants to remain in
3. Allow unauthorized immigrants to remain in US & eventually qualify for citize
4. Allow unauthorized immigrants to remain in US & eventually qualify for citize
1. Gay and lesbian couples should be allowed to legally marry
2. Gay and lesbian couples should be allowed to form civil unions but not legall
3. There should be no legal recognition of gay or lesbian couples' relationship
-2. DK/RF in V201412 or V201413
-2. DK/RF in V201409 or V201410
1. Feels very strongly transgender people should use bathroom of birth gender
2. Feels moderately strongly transgender people should use bathroom of birth gen
3. Feels a little strongly transgender people should use bathroom of birth gende
4. Feels a little strongly transgender people be allowed to use bathroom of iden
5. Feels moderately strongly transgender people be allowed to use bathroom of id
6. Feels very strongly transgender people be allowed to use bathroom of identifi
1. Have to use the bathrooms of the gender they were born as
2. Be allowed to use the bathrooms of their identified gender
-2. DK/RF in V201406 or V201408
1. Feels very strongly should be allowed to refuse services
2. Feels moderately strongly should be allowed to refuse services
3. Feels a little strongly should be allowed to refuse services
4. Feels a little strongly should be required to provide services
5. Feels moderately strongly should be required to provide services
6. Feels very strongly should be required to provide services
1. Should be allowed to refuse
2. Should be required to provide services
-2. DK/RF in V201403 or V201404
3. Is currently doing the right amount
-2. DK/RF in V201397, V201398 or V201399
1. Much larger
2. Somewhat larger
4. Somewhat smaller
5. Much smaller
1. Larger
2. Smaller
-2. DK/RF in V201394 or V201395
1. Much too quickly
2. Somewhat too quickly
4. Somewhat too slowly
5. Much too slowly
1. Much too quickly / Much too slowly
2. Somewhat too quickly / Somewhat too slowly
1. Too quickly
2. Too slowly
3. The right speed
1. Far too strict
2. Somewhat too strict
4. Not quite strict enough
5. Not nearly strict enough
-2. DK/RF in V201390 or V201391
1. Much too quick
2. Somewhat too quick
4. Somewhat too slow
5. Much too slow
1. Much too quick / Much too slow
2. Somewhat too quick / Somewhat too slow
1. Too quick
2. Too slow
-2. DK/RF in V201387 or V201388
-2. DK/RF in V201384 or V201385
1. Asked for an investigation
2. Did not ask for an investigation
3. I'm not sure
-2. DK/RF in V201380 or V201381
1. Compromises to get things done
2. Sticks to their principles no matter what
1. Very appropriate
2. Somewhat appropriate
3. Neither appropriate nor inappropriate
4. Somewhat inappropriate
5. Very inappropriate
1. None
-2. DK/RF in V201373 or V201374
-2. DK/RF in V201370 or V201371
1. Extremely helpful
2. Moderately helpful
3. A little helpful
4. Neither helpful nor harmful
5. A little harmful
6. Moderately harmful
7. Extremely harmful
1. Extremely
1. Helpful
2. Harmful
3. Neither helpful nor harmful
1. Not important at all
1. Delay the election
2. Have all voters mail in their ballots
3. Proceed with in-person voting, but require social distancing at voting locati
4. Proceed as normal with no extra precautions
1. Must be photo ID
2. Other forms of ID are acceptable
3. Unsure
-2. DK/RF in V201360 or V201361
-2. DK/RF in V201357 or V201358
-2. DK/RF in V201354 or V201355
1. Not at all accurately
2. A little accurately
3. Moderately accurately
4. Very accurately
5. Completely accurately
1. Extremely willing
2. Very willing
3. Moderately willing
4. A little willing
5. Not at all willing
-2. DK/RF in V201347 or V201348
3. Disagree somewhat
4. Disagree strongly
1. Agree
2. Disagree
1. Weaker
2. Stayed about the same
3. Stronger
-2. DK/RF in V201343 or V201344
-2. DK/RF in V201340 or V201341
1. Extremely pleased
2. Moderately pleased
3. A little pleased
4. Neither pleased nor upset
5. A little upset
6. Moderately upset
7. Extremely upset
1. Pleased
2. Upset
3. Neither pleased nor upset
1. By law, abortion should never be permitted
2. The law should permit abortion only in case of rape, incest, or when the woma
3. The law should permit abortion other than for rape/incest/danger to woman but
4. By law, a woman should always be able to obtain an abortion as a matter of pe
2. Not too important
1. Not at all worried
2. A little worried
4. Very worried
5. Extremely worried
2. About the same
-2. DK/RF in V201331 or V201332
5. Much worse
3. Worse
-2. DK/RF in V201328 or V201329
1. Get much better
2. Get somewhat better
4. Get somewhat worse
5. Get much worse
1. Get better
2. Stay about the same
3. Get worse
-2. DK/RF in V201325 or V201326
1. Gotten better
3. Gotten worse
4. Bad
-2. DK/RF in V201321 or V201322
3. Kept the same
5. Decreasaed a lot
-2. DK/RF in V201318 or V201319
-2. DK/RF in V201315 or V201316
-2. DK/RF in V201312 or V201313
-2. DK/RF in V201309 or V201310
-2. DK/RF in V201306 or V201307
-2. DK/RF in V201303 or V201304
-2. DK/RF in V201300 or V201301
1. Tougher regulations on business needed to protect environment
7. Regulations to protect environment already too much a burden on business
1. Government should help blacks
7. Blacks should help themselves
1. Government should see to jobs and standard of living
7. Government should let each person get ahead on own
1. Government insurance plan
7. Private insurance plan
1. Greatly decrease defense spending
7. Greatly increase defense spending
1. Government should provide many fewer services
7. Government should provide many more services
1. Democrats would do a much better job
2. Democrats would do a somewhat better job
3. Not much difference between them
4. Republicans would do a somewhat better job
5. Republicans would do a much better job
1. A good deal
3. Not much
1. All
2. Most
3. About half
4. A few
1. Waste a lot
2. Waste some
3. Don't waste very much
1. Run by a few big interests
2. For the benefit of all the people
1. Strong Democrat
2. Not very strong Democrat
3. Independent-Democrat
4. Independent
5. Independent-Republican
6. Not very strong Republican
7. Strong Republican
1. Closer to Republican
2. Neither {VOL in video and phone}
3. Closer to Democratic
2. Not very strong
0. No preference {VOL - video/phone only}
1. Better when one party controls both
2. Better when control is split
3. It doesn't matter
1. Vote straight Democrat
2. Vote straight Republican
3. Split my ballot between Democrats and Republicans, depending on the office an
4. Something else
-2. DK/RF in V201221, V201222, V201223, or V201224
1. Very strongly a duty
2. Moderately strongly a duty
3. A little strongly a duty
4. Neither a duty nor a choice
5. A little strongly a choice
6. Moderately strongly a choice
7. Very strongly a choice
2. Moderately strongly
3. A little strongly
1. Mainly a choice
2. Mainly a duty
3. Neither a duty nor a choice
1. Mainly a duty
2. Mainly a choice
1. Will be close
2. Win by quite a bit
1. Extremely liberal
2. Liberal
3. Slightly liberal
4. Moderate; middle of the road
5. Slightly conservative
6. Conservative
7. Extremely conservative
1. Liberal
2. Conservative
3. Moderate {VOL, video/phone only}
998. Don't know (don't know where to rate)
998. Don't know (don't know where to rate
999. Don't recognize (don't know who this is)
-2. DK/RF in V201148 or V201149
-2. DK/RF in V201145 or V201146
-2. DK/RF in V201142 or V201143
-2. DK/RF in V201139 or V201140
-2. DK/RF in V201136 or V201137
-2. DK/RF in V201133 or V201134
-2. DK/RF in V201130 or V201131
-2. DK/RF in V201127 or V201128
-2. DK/RF in V201124 or V201125
3. Somewhat
1. Right direction
2. Wrong track
1. Barack Obama
2. Mitt Romney
1. Yes, voted
2. No, didn't vote
1. Hillary Clinton
20. Democratic candidate selected (intent to vote)
21. Republican candidate selected (intent to vote)
22. Other candidate selected (intent to vote)
30. Democratic candidate selected (preference)
31. Republican candidate selected (preference)
32. Other candidate selected (preference)
1. Democratic Governor candidate
2. Republican Governor candidate
10. Specified as other/independent Senate candidate
5. Other {SPECIFY} (name not on ballot card)
3. Other Senate candidate (name on ballot card)
9. Specified as 2nd Republican Senate candidate
10. Specified as Other/independent Senate candidate
3. Other/independent Senate candidate (name on ballot card)
0. No Senate/Governor racesamp address state (R not registered)
1. No Senate/Governor raceregistration state (R registered)
10. Senate race- sample address state (R not registered)
11. Senate race- registration state (R registered)
20. Governor race- samp address state (R not registered)
21. Governor raceregistration state (R registered)
30. Senate and Governor races- samp address state (R not registered)
31. Senate and Governor races- registration state (R registered)
3. Other/independent House candidate (name on ballot card)
6. Specified as Democrat House candidate
10. Specified as other/independent House candidate
4. R VOL: names read are not correct
7. Specified as Repulican House candidate
1. Yes, have yellow/green ballot card for R's district
2. Have ballot card for R's district but the COLOR is wrong
3. Have ballot card for the WRONG district
4. Do not have ballot card
1. Not registered (or DK/RF), does not intend to register (or DK/RF intent)
2. Not registered (or DK/RF), intends to register
3. Registered but did not vote early (or DK/RF)
4. Registered and voted early
1. Definitely voted in person at a polling place before election day
2. Definitely voted by mailing a ballot to elections officials before  election
3. Definitely voted in some other way
4. Not completely sure whether you voted or not
2. No, have not voted
1. Have voted
2. Have not voted
2. Michael Bloomberg
3. Pete Buttigieg
4. Amy Klobuchar
5. Bernie Sanders
6. Elizabeth Warren
7. Another Democrat
8. Donald Trump
9. Another Republican
10. Someone else who is not a Republican or a Democrat
1. Yes, voted in primary or caucus
2. No, didn't vote in primary or caucus
1. Yes, intend to register
2. No, do not intend to register
3. 5 years or more
5. County of sample address is incorrect {VOL - video/phone only}
1. Democrat first / Republican second
2. Republican first / Democrat second
1. Very much interested
3. Not much interested
1. R sees booklet on screen or PDF
2. R does not see booklet on screen or PDF
1. English / Ingles
2. Spanish / Espanol
0. No changes to data
1. Change to age variable
2. Change to gender variable
3. Change to other variable
4. Change to age and gender variables
5. Change to age, gender and other variables
-2. Not included in validation study
1. Right person interviewed no corrections needed
2. Refusal
3. Non-response to validation
4. Contact with inconclusive result
5. Right person interviewed, data correction needed
6. Wrong person interviewed
-1. Non-response to validation
1. Same respondent, pre and post
2. Pre - selected person, post - not selected person
3. Pre - not selected person, post - selected person
4. Other/undetermined
1. Respondent definitely was selected person
2. Respondent definitely was not selected person
3. Uncertain
4. Not determined due to validation non-response
0. No special concern
1. Some concern (possible substitution)
2. High concern (likely substitution)
3. Highest concern (evident substitution)
1. pre-election interview (only) complete
2. post-election interview (only) complete
3. pre and post-election interviews (both) complete
2. ANES 2016-2020 Panel
3. 3Ar1 Fresh sample: web only, replicate 1
4. 3Ar2 Fresh sample: web only, replicate 2
5. 3B Fresh sample: web or phone
6. 3C Fresh sample: video, web, or phone
1. Video
2. Telephone
3. Web
-1. Inapplicable, not a re-interview case